The eNotes Blog Letters to Juliet A Project of Love for theLovelorn

Letters to Juliet A Project of Love for theLovelorn One of my preferred things that has been circumventing the web for quite a while is the EMO individual who posted, What if hes your Romeo, yet youre not his Juliet? The extremely quick reaction was, That implies youre his Rosaline and you endure the god forsaken play. Notwithstanding the truth of what befalls the star crossd darlings, the industriousness in considering them the sentimental perfect lives on. Isn't it obvious? A great many people, even the individuals who have never perused or seen the play, are bound to evoke this picture, or something near it, than grisly passings: I didnt know, nonetheless, until I heard a story on NPRs Morning Edition yesterday, that men (for the most part, I surmise) have been writing letters to Juliet forâ centuries.â Initially, soon after the plays exhibitions, individuals left notes at what was believed to be her burial chamber. The quantities of letters left turned out to be incredible to the point that the mail station of Verona set up an extraordinary office to deal with the volume.â The noteworthy thing about the letters left for Juliet is that she really answers. Well, understudies for Juliet do. Dozens of volunteers in Verona, who consider themselves The Juliet Club answer, by hand, every one of the 6,000+ letters routed to Shakespeares champion every year.  All of the letters are held in a huge chronicle, to which more letters are consistently included. The activity must be extreme however huge numbers of the volunteers have been grinding away for ten and twenty years, some much more. What do they say to these devastated individuals? Here would one say one is of their responses to somebody who was making herself insane asking, What if? What and If are two words as non-compromising as words can be. Yet, set up them next to each other and they have the ability to frequent you for a mind-blowing remainder: What if? What if? What if? I dont know how your story finished yet on the off chance that what you felt, at that point was genuine romance, at that point its never past the point of no return. In the event that it was valid, at that point, why wouldnt it be genuine at this point? You need just the fearlessness to follow your heart. I dont comprehend what an affection like Juliets feels like love to leave friends and family for, adoration to cross seas for however Id like to accept in the event that I ever were to feel it, that I will have the fortitude to hold onto it. What's more, Claire, on the off chance that you didnt, I trust one day that you will. All my adoration, Juliet† You can peruse increasingly about the long history of the Juliet Project in Lise Friedmans study,  Letters to Juliet: Celebrating Shakespeares Greatest Heroine, the Magical City of Verona, and the Power of Love

The Genius of M.C. Escher Essay -- Biography

The Genius of M.C. Escher Science is the focal fixing in numerous fine arts. While thoughts of boundlessness and equal lines brought â€Å"perspective† to the aesthetic domain in making practical portrayals of profundity and measurement, science has affected craftsmanship in a progressively positive manner †by really turning out to be workmanship. The presentation of fractal geometry and decorations as imaginative works generated the production of new and inventive classes of workmanship, which can be exemplified through crafted by M.C Escher. Escher’s pieces are among the most perceived show-stoppers today. While outwardly animating and profoundly significant, his craft reflects numerous thoughts of science through geometry, balance, and examples. Maurits Cornelius Escher was conceived on June seventeenth, 1898 in Leeuwarden, Netherlands, the child of a structural specialist. An awful understudy in secondary school, youthful Escher invested a lot of his free energy drawing and outlining. His initial enthusiasm for workmanship, alongside the desires of his dad, affected his choice to go to the School of Architecture and Decorative Arts in Haarlem. At age 21, be that as it may, M.C. dropped out following two years of study to seek after free work in human expressions. All through a ten-year time span, Escher went around Italy outlining impressions. Discovering little achievement and very nearly neediness, Escher dared to Spain in the late 1920’s looking for novel motivation, which he found in the bottomless Moorish tilings there. It was likewise during this time Escher’s scientific impacts came to fruition, as he read Polya’s 1924 paper on plane balance gatherings. Regardless of his scientific deficiencies, Escher had the option to comprehend and recreate the 17 plane balance bunches as portrayed by Polya (M. C. Es... ...y, M.C. Escher’s fine arts are among the most broadly perceived. His immortal and captivating pieces drive a great many admirers to his presentations around the globe. Joining various numerical ideas into his works, he exquisitely exhibited the unmistakable workmanship and math relationship. Escher passed on March 27th, 1972. In any case, his inheritance lives on, alongside contention encompassing the inquiry: was Escher a craftsman or mathematician? Works Cited â€Å"Escher Centennial Celebration.† [WWW] http://www.iproject.com/escher/escher100.html. 16 October 1999. Goode, Stephen. â€Å"The Artist who Sketched out a Geometry of Imagination.† Insight on the News 23 March 1998: 39. â€Å"M.C. Escher: Artist or Mathematician?† [WWW] http://library.advanced.org/11750. 16 October 1999. â€Å"Totally Tessellated.† [WWW] http://library.advanced.org/16661. 17 October 1999.

Giveaway THE COLLECTED SCHIZOPHRENIAS by Esmé Weijun Wang

Giveaway THE COLLECTED SCHIZOPHRENIAS by Esmé Weijun Wang This giveaway is sponsored by The Collected Schizophrenias by Esmé Weijun Wang. Schizophrenia is not a single unifying diagnosis, and Esmé Weijun Wang writes not just to her fellow members of the “collected schizophrenias” but to those who wish to understand it as well. In essays that range from using fashion to present as high-functioning to the depths of a rare form of psychosis, and from the failures of the higher education system and the dangers of institutionalization to the complexity of compounding factors such as PTSD and Lyme disease, Wang’s analytical eye, honed as a former lab researcher at Stanford, allows her to balance research with personal narrative. An essay collection of undeniable power, The Collected Schizophrenias dispels misconceptions and provides insight into a condition long misunderstood. We have 5 copies of  The Collected Schizophrenias by Esmé Weijun Wang to give away to 5 Riot readers! Just complete the form below to enter. This sweepstakes is open to residents of the United States (excluding Puerto Rico and all other US territories). Entries will be accepted until 11:45pm, June 13, 2019. Winner will be randomly selected. Complete rules and eligibility requirements available here. Sorry. This form is no longer available.

Effective Verbal And Non Verbal Communication Skills

Effective verbal and non-verbal communication skills are invaluable to any organization. A lot of companies invest loads of money to train their employees on how to communicate effectively. Good communication skills go beyond daily conversations; the employee must be able to communicate well in official reports and other correspondence alike. Understanding the advantages of effective communication helps organizations put an emphasis on building up a workforce that is able to communicate within the firm and with clients, merchants and global business accomplices. Diversity is a thing of increasing popularity and thus most companies strive for diversity in their workforce. Effective workplace communication is vital in organizations with a diverse working environment. Great relational abilities help to lessen the hindrances raised due to dialect and social contrasts. Organizations that provide communication training to domestic and international employees reap the benefits of effective workplace communication. Organizations now give mandatory training upon employment to avoid social disarray and miscommunication; with refreshers offered on a regular basis. Effective communication leads to fewer blunders and there by improves the efficiency of the work force, hence causing the operations to run smoother. A communicative working environment also helps with team building. I believe the greatest strength of any team is its unity. This can only be achieved by building trust withinShow MoreRelatedEssay about Helping Skills1321 Words   |  6 PagesRunning head: SPECIFIC HELPING SKILLS Specific Helping Skills that can be used with clients Audrey Horton University of Phoenix Abstract As a professional working in the field of Human Services, having specific helping skills are vital to the effectiveness of the services as well as the goals of the client. There are many elements that support both verbal and non-verbal communication. Contrary to the supportive elements that determine success, there are also a wide range of barriers thatRead MoreCommunication : Verbal And Non Verbal Communication1216 Words   |  5 PagesCommunication is a complex activity which involve verbal and non-verbal communication, the topic under discussion, the prejudgments that people bring to the topic, and the â€Å"communication history† between participants in the discussion. A Speaker who transmits message must ensure that the message is delivered clearly. A listener who takes the messages must be an active listener. As effective communication can only take place when the recipient of the message understands it’s meaning and able to expressRead MoreEssay about Business C ommunication: What is Communication1502 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Business communication is abound in todays society. The ability to communicate has always had its advantages, with its rich history, and traditions, modern business communication is valued as a modern day concept. Business executives rate the ability of business communication skills as among the personal factors necessary in gaining a job. As stated by Hynes (2005)† effective business communication is the key to planning, leading, organizing, and controlling the resources of the organizationsRead MoreInterpersonal Communication Essay1499 Words   |  6 Pages(HP) rely on one another s effective communication to provide quality and safe patient care. As an HP, effective communication is nevertheless carried to assist patients regarding their medical conditions – personal pain (and comfort). Therefore, it is the main goal to have the knowledge about professional communication and to gain a collective view of therapeutic and professional interpersonal communication. 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What is it about the differences between the two that impact the successful transmission of a message communicated? Human communication can be complex because people can interpret language very differently. Everyone expresses their views, feelings opinions differently from other people. 2.Identify and explain three barriers to effective communication. (3 marks)Read MoreCommunications Essay in a Health and Social Care Settings, Different Ways of Communicating.1567 Words   |  7 PagesCommunications Essay in a health and social care settings, different ways of communicating. This is essay is going to be based on the importance of communication within the broader context of health and social care, it will give you a definitive insight to different communication techniques, such as verbal and non-verbal communication. Within this essay I will also discuss how important effective communication can be and the barriers that can restrict the care practitioner from doing his/her jobRead MoreThe Importance Of Communication And A Sports Coach1719 Words   |  7 PagesIn the topic of communication and care, one will be the discussing the importance of having interpersonal skills and written communication in sports coaching. This essay will also include the variety of skills a coach will need to progress in their line of business. In this essay, we will also be reviewing the positives and negatives of these forms of communication and how they can affect the job as a sports coach. Most say that communication is key to success in both the sports and business society Read MoreThe Importance Of Effective Interpersonal Communication Skills1264 Words   |  6 PagesInterpersonal communication is a fundamental skill that nurses use every day to interact and communicate. These skills include clinical empathy towards patients, diverse cultural understanding, non-verbal communication and skills used to communicate with deaf patients. This paper will discuss why it is important for nurses to use effective interpersonal communication skills and tips to overcome elderspeak to help minimize patient complains within the healthcare practice. To create a healthy nurseRead MoreImportance Of Communication In Pharmacy1000 Words   |  4 PagesThe Importance of Communication Skills for Pharmacy Technicians Introduction Effective communication is necessary in Pharmacy Services to provide quality patient care especially for Pharmacy Technicians who involve in communication on their daily tasks. Strong communication skill is an important key behind the scene with other healthcare professionals which is as important as good customer service to achieve customer satisfaction. The tools use in interacting with others properly is the Interpersonal

Water Pollution in Cairo Essay - 1799 Words

Water Pollution in Cairo The scale of pollution in Cairo is mammoth with the ever, continuing amounts of waste being released into the city. With the ever, growing population of Cairo levels of pollution are sure to increase. Recently the large EU financial institution announced on April 10 that it had awarded Egypt a grant of $79,000 to investigate the cause of the choking air pollution in the city, which has been blamed on Nile Delta. Due the massive amounts of pollution Cairos daily air quality remains a constant health concern. The World Health Organization has reported that the air pollution in downtown Cairo is 10 to 100 times above the level considered safe [IMAGE] Water†¦show more content†¦ÃƒËœ Domestic wastewater  · Most of the wastewater collected by sewerage has not received much or in some areas no treatment. Also many wastewater treatment plants do operate unsatisfactorily.  · At the moment there are at least six operating domestic wastewater treatment plants serving the Greater Cairo area, and none of them discharge to the Nile near Cairo: three plants discharge through agricultural drains to the Northern Lakes and the Mediterranean, and the bilge water from two plants will be used largely for desert irrigation and land reclamation; only one plant discharges to the Nile, through an agricultural drain.  · Dumping solid waste - due to lack of solid waste collection - into waterways increases water pollution; in the city districts many small Nile canals are totally filled with plastic bags full of solid waste. Ø Industrial wastewater  · 80 per cent of the whole countrys annual industrial effluentShow MoreRelated The Society of Egypt Essay1234 Words   |  5 Pagescivilizations; these water sources provided life, transportation, and basic survival for these communities. 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Grasshoppers were collected monthly from June to October in 2012 and 2013 by sweep-netRead MoreEnvironmental Pollution Essays604 Words   |  3 PagesEnvironmental Pollution Our environment is affected by our daily actions. The earth is plagued with land, air and water pollution. Some of the problems we face on earth are: deforestation, nuclear waste, acid rain, global warming, overpopulation and some animals are endangered. Air pollution has many different sources. Power-generated plants, oil refineries, chemical plants, and steel mills contribute to about 140 million tons of pollutants into the air every year. Automobiles accountRead MoreNile River : The Major Source Of Water And Soils1165 Words   |  5 Pagesmajor source of water and soils in Egypt. Silt is the main soil component of it. The Nile is one of the international rivers; it passes through ten countries in Africa, and divided into two branches; Rosetta and Damietta at the end. Hydro-geochemical study of Rosetta branch was done. The geochemical processes which control the water quality and its suitability for drinking, fishing and irrigation purposes was evaluated. Thus the hydro-environmental status is studied. Fifteen water samples were collectedRead MoreWhat Are the Problems of Continued Urbanisation? Discuss in Relation to One Area of the World and Evaluate the Possible Solution.1539 Words   |  7 Pagesregions (McDonald and McMill en, 2010).With these facts it seems necessary to take reactions in order to cope with continued urbanisation. The continued urbanization does cause many problems in rural areas and urban areas for instance population, pollution and poverty these problems will be discussed in this essay also it seems not to stop in near future because of policy of development around the world. 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The topics highlighted will explain the impacts of water scarcity, environmental degradation and effects on indigenous culture as a result of a globalised world. Egypt: Country Facts and a brief History The Middle Eastern country of Egypt is located in Northeast corner of Africa on the Mediterranean Sea. It is bordered on the west by Libya, on the south by Sudan, and on the eastRead MoreTurbidity Of Water1415 Words   |  6 PagesDiscussion - Environmental factors: The mean values of selected analytical water quality parameters, among the four seasons from April 2015 to February 2016, revealed that generally most selected physico-chemical properties (Temp., pH, E.C., Ak., Turb., T. hard., D.O, B.O.D, NO3, NO2, NH3, Cl-) of water samples were within permissible limit (WHO 2004). In the current study, water temperature was the maximum during summer and the minimum was during winter, where both are within the normal range forRead More Global Pollution Essay2115 Words   |  9 PagesPollution is a growing issue in the world and is the major cause that contributes to many environmental problems. What is usually classified as pollution, what kind of pollution is present in the world, and what the people are doing to deal with this pollution issue in the world. There are several problems with world pollution that are associated with global warming and include waste disposal, water pollution, and air pollution. These things are usually caused by people on the planet who produceRead MoreEgypt Unveils Plan For New Capital East Of Cairo2191 Words   |  9 PagesSummary: This current event article, Egypt Unveils Plans to Build New Capital East of Cairo, was written by Orla Guerin of BBC Cairo. The article reports that Egypt is planning to build a new capital city east of Cairo, Egypt’s current capital, which was built back in 969 C.E. The plans of the new capital and its forty-five billion U.S. dollar price tag were presented at The Egypt Economic Development Conference in Sharm el-Sheikh, which occurred from March 13th, 2015 to March 15th, 2015. The housing

The slutty double standard Free Essays

SSH e felt ashamed and degraded. I wanted to cry with her. I can’t think Of a more humiliating ins alt. We will write a custom essay sample on The slutty double standard or any similar topic only for you Order Now First of all I am going to address a problem in our culture called â€Å"slut shaming† the cone opt women being shamed and euthanized. Slut shaming is a double standard that is highly n touchable in our society. I see it in the words that come out of my contemporaries, acquaint cues or even my friend’s mouths. I see this double standard in an overwhelming amount in our tabloids, blob posts. It is also found in most TV shows, Movies and even song lyrics. One of the earliest definitions Of slut is an untidy woman. It has changed and become a sexual slur targeted towards females. This aspect that there are few words as hurtful as insinuating female promiscuity says a lot about our society. (Definition of slut shaming) Slut shaming also known as slashing, is the idea of shaming and/ or attacking a woman or a girl for being sexual, having one or more sexual partners, acknowledging sex al feelings, and/ or acting on sexual feelings. (From an article in psychology today) Furthermore, it’s about the implication that if a woman has sex in which trade action society disapproves of, she should feel guilty and inferior. It is damaging not only to t he girls and women targeted, but to women in general and society as a whole. Terms that imply female romanticist include: tramp, where, sank, hoe, and many more that are not a appropriate for this forum. Terms that imply male prom iscuity: leadsman, gigolo, stud, sugar daddy, womanlier, playboy, and player. One thing we should be conscious of is Term ms that imply female promiscuity consist in a negative matter rather than the male terms the at instead embodies notions of power and conquest. Feel as though a big cause of this problem is how In most media females are defined by their sexual desirability but are expected to stay sexually inexperienced, while whew n men are promiscuous it is considered clever and fortunate. This perpetuates the Dobb el standard. In the movie Pretty Woman, Richard Greer is received as a sophisticated wealthy gentleman who just happens to be with a prostitute. Julia Roberts, the prostitute is a low class hooker who is so lucky Richard Greer actually takes an interest in her. A earldom girl attending a homeless prom and wearing appropriate cloth Eng per prom guidelines got kicked out of prom because middleware homeless dads cool d not stop staring at her. Creepy grown men should stay to supervise because they are s o responsible and obviously she was the problem. At the at the Vim’s (Video Music Awards) hen Mile Cyrus performed â€Å"we can’t stop† I can’t believe how much the media slut shah med her for towering . How to cite The slutty double standard, Papers

Counselling Management

Question: What is Counselling? Answer: There are many effects of the enforced rule of silence on members of the dysfunctional family. The members of the family cannot speak regarding what is going on inside their family. They cannot speak to anyone outer the family and cannot speak to anyone within the family. This no talk law is so tough that children who are growing up within this family structure face complications conveying and expressing them for their entire lives and subsequently they pass on the same to their kids. The one and only way how children can get free of this no talk rule is expressing what they feel and whatever has happened to them. The therapist can address this problem by implementing humanistic family therapy which is typically deal with communication approach (Lecheler, Schuck and de Vreese, 2013). During counseling the therapist may find that the members of a dysfunctional family are intended to hide information. This is may be because of the shame or concern about what the assessor will think abo ut their family. But it is the responsibility of the therapist to make the family members understand about the importance of effective family counseling in order to help the members to overcome the difficulty of no talk rule. Self-compassion comprises treating individual with same kindness, support and concern one would show to another. The techniques known as oriental mediation are considered as essential exercises for strengthening the sympathetic observer-self. The counselor should emphasize that irrespective of which concept one select, it is a convenient fact that individual can either ignore conflicting selves inside individuals and let the prevailing take the charge or individual can select to pay attention to individual self one by one, with final choice always being taken by compassionate observer (Long et al., 2010). The counselor should advise that to search own direction, a better way to initiate is by concentrating on what individual feel. Individuals deep feelings are closer to the reality than individuals thoughts and these can be readily accessible than one may realize. As a starting point the counselor should suggest his/her client to begin to practice in his/her everyday conversation, by applying phrase like: I feel and then convey exactly what he/she is feeling and not that what he/she is thinking. These I messages are different from you messages. This is because others do not understand the real truth, but only an individual knows well about his/her own truth and feelings. The counselor should also mention his/her client to practice dealing honestly with individuals feelings and to practice showing the pain (Lecheler, Schuck and de Vreese, 2013). The counselor should explain in another way to reveal feelings of a client to feel relaxed. Rest quietly and get back to the thoughts to imagine individuals representation and circumstances one have been in. While performing this, individual should say to them that I feel regarding each situation and each person. a mild deficiency in expression of feelings means individual is failed to express by his/her own and allow self to think he/she may hurt the other or the other person might not like it if he/she convey his/her own feelings or sometimes individual may feel that his/her message is not important at all (Scheman, 2000). Actually these are not feelings and these are excuses and should be recognized as such. When the first client is more able to state directly how he feels, individual instinctively develop other communication aspects associate with feelings, for example posture, voice, body expressions and facial expressions. It is probably important to enlighten client as to what sentiment communication is not. Many clients believe that they convey their feelings in reality when they do not actually. They may have a wrong idea of what emotional expression really is. Hence emotional communication is not when clients main concern is conveying what they think or when his/her main concern is talking about the true facts or when the clients main concern is conveying what the client really thinks what he/she should feel or when the clients main concern is reserving rationalizations for feelings. When the clients main concern is conveying what he/she thinks he should feel all that takes place in this situation is to allow oneself to become a reflector of the entire world surrounding him/her. Ones true individuality becomes lost through this process. True communication of feelings can be referred to as reflection. True communication of feelings requires complete expression of oneself without any hesitation. This will allow the speaker to pay attention to their individual thoughts and to concentrate on what individual feel and express. This will allow to illustrate the speaker that individual is trying to make out the entire world as they observe it and that individual are performing their best to appreciate their messages and to support then to prolong communicating. It does not comprise individual asking questions or introducing innovative topic or directing towards an out of track discussion. The five main characteristics of effective communication of feelings include putting more thoughts into individuals voice; being more lively when individual communicate; applying more gestures; conveying something more honestly and allowing individuals face show what individual feel. Effective communication of feelings include believing what individual feels are worthy, name individuals feelings, work through the feelings independently, believe what individuals feelings matter to other individual/s, apply individuals own opinion to talk about their feelings, individual is desired to be solution oriented. It is significant to keep in mind that ones feelings and emotions are valid always as it is inherent (Kirkwood, 2000). One cannot stop how they feel and thus individuals emotions and feelings are never bad or wrong. Allowing individual time to construct an expressive vocabulary is considered as a good step that immensely help to understand ones feelings in a better way. The expression of emotion strengthens and stimulated the excitatory progressions inside the brain and in result individual become more excitatory human being. The counselor should make his/her client understand the fact that they are handling with emotions and feelings and expressing in a natural way, can impact on their childrens lives. Individuals application of these abilities will provide as a representation for them with the intention that these individuals can nurture to self-confident adults and liberally conveying their feelings. Because of the model, children are considered to be more appropriate to share their emotions with their parents. The expression of feelings inhibits the centers of anxiety inside the brain and thus one feel less worried. The exceptional fact that one feels less worried means those individuals are proficient to understand more feelings and express more feelings. While expressing the feelings the clients should be well aware of few of the facts. For example: the voice tone need to be firm, appropriately loud and confident. A combination of these qualities in voice is a point of assertiveness. Eye contact is an important aspect where it makes sure that individual always looks straight to the person he/she is communicating with, the significance for body gestures, by implementing proper gestures to the communication and facial expressions that suit individual expression to what individual say or feel. Individual need not to smile while expressing anger and should express true emotions. References Kirkwood, W. (2000). Stories that bring peace to the mind: Communication and the education of feelings.Southern Communication Journal, 66(1), pp.16-26. Lecheler, S., Schuck, A. and de Vreese, C. (2013). Dealing with feelings: Positive and negative discrete emotions as mediators of news framing effects.Communications - The European Journal of Communication Research, 38(2). Long, C., Fulton, B., Dolley, O. and Hollin, C. (2010). Dealing with Feelings: The Effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioural Group Treatment for Women in Secure Settings.Behav. Cogn. Psychother., 39(02), pp.243-247. Scheman, N. (2000). Interpreting the personal: expression and the formation of feelings.Philosophical Review, 109(1), pp.118-121.

Organization in the America Red Cross

The History of Sex Discrimination Legislation in the US

The History of Sex Discrimination Legislation in the US The United States Constitution did not mention women or limit any of its rights or privileges to males. The word persons was used, which sounds gender neutral. However, common law, inherited from British precedents, informed the interpretation of the law. And many state laws were not gender-neutral. While right after the Constitution was adopted, New Jersey accepted voting rights for women, even those had been lost by a bill in 1807 that rescinded the right of both women and black men to vote in that state. The principle of coverture prevailed at the time the Constitution was written and adopted: a married woman was simply not a person under the law; her legal existence was bound up with that of her husbands. Dower rights, meant to protect a widows income during her lifetime, were already being ignored increasingly, and so women were in the tough position of not having significant rights to own property, while the convention of dower that had protected them under that system was collapsing. Beginning in the 1840s, womens rights advocates began working to establish legal and political equality for women in some of the states. Property rights of women were among the first targets. But these did not affect the federal constitutional rights of women. Not yet. 1868: Fourteenth Amendment to the US Constitution The first major constitutional change to affect womens rights was the Fourteenth Amendment. This amendment was designed to overturn the Dred Scott decision, which found that black people had no rights which the white man was bound to respect, and to clarify other citizenship rights after the American Civil War had ended. The primary effect was to ensure that freed slaves and other African Americans had full citizenship rights. But the amendment also included the word male in connection with voting, and the womens rights movement split over whether to support the amendment because it established racial equality in voting, or oppose it because it was the first explicit federal denial that women had voting rights. 1873: Bradwell v. Illinois Myra Bradwell claimed the right to practice law as part of the 14th Amendments protections. The Supreme Court found that the right to choose ones profession was not a protected right and that womens paramount destiny and mission was the offices of wife and mother. Women could be legally excluded from the practice of law, the Supreme Court found, using a separate spheres argument. 1875: Minor v. Happerset The suffrage movement decided to use the Fourteenth Amendment, even with that mention of male, to justify women voting. A number of women in 1872 attempted to vote in a federal election; Susan B. Anthony was arrested and convicted for doing so. A Missouri woman, Virginia Minor, also challenged the law. The registrars action forbidding her from voting was the basis for yet another case to reach the Supreme Court (her husband had to file the lawsuit, as coverture laws forbid her as a married woman from filing on her own behalf). In their decision in  Minor v. Happerset, the Court found that while women were indeed citizens, voting was not one of the privileges and immunities of citizenship and thus states could deny women the right to vote. 1894: In re Lockwood Belva Lockwood filed a lawsuit to force Virginia to allow her to practice law. She was already a member of the bar in the District of Columbia. But the Supreme Court found that it was acceptable to read the word citizens in the 14th Amendment to include only male citizens. 1903: Muller v. Oregon Thwarted in legal cases claiming womens full equality as citizens, womens rights and labor rights workers filed the Brandeis Brief in the case of Muller v. Oregon. The claim was that womens special status as wives and mothers, especially as mothers, required that they be given special protection as workers. The Supreme Court had been reluctant to allow legislatures to interfere with contract rights of employers by permitting limits on hours or minimum wage requirements; however, in this case, the Supreme Court looked at evidence of working conditions and permit special protections for women in the workplace. Louis Brandeis, himself later appointed to the Supreme Court, was the lawyer for the case promoting protective legislation for women; the Brandeis brief was prepared primarily by his sister-in-law Josephine Goldmark and by reformer Florence Kelley. 1920: Nineteenth Amendment Women were granted the right to vote by the 19th Amendment, passed by Congress in 1919 and ratified by enough states in 1920 to take effect. 1923: Adkins v. Childrens Hospital In 1923, the Supreme Court decided that federal minimum wage legislation applying to women infringed on the liberty of contract and thus on the Fifth Amendment. Muller v. Oregon was not overturned, however. 1923: Equal Rights Amendment Introduced Alice Paul wrote a proposed Equal Rights Amendment to the Constitution to require equal rights for men and women. She named the proposed amendment for suffrage pioneer Lucretia Mott. When she reworded the amendment in the 1940s, it came to be called the Alice Paul amendment. It did not pass the Congress until 1972. 1938: West Coast Hotel Co. v. Parrish This decision by the Supreme Court, overturning Adkins v. Childrens Hospital, upheld Washington States minimum wage legislation, opening the door again for protective labor legislation applying to women or men. 1948: Goesaert v. Cleary In this case, the Supreme Court found valid a state statute prohibiting most women (other than wives or daughters of male tavern keepers) from serving or selling liquor. 1961: Hoyt v. Florida The Supreme Court heard this case challenging a conviction on the basis that the female defendant faced an all-male jury because jury duty was not mandatory for women. The Supreme Court denied that the state statute exempting women from jury duty was discriminatory, finding that women needed protection from the atmosphere of the courtroom and that it was reasonable to assume that women were needed in the home. 1971: Reed v. Reed In  Reed v. Reed, the U.S. Supreme Court heard a case where state law preferred males to females as administrators of an estate. In this case, unlike many earlier cases, the Court held that the 14th Amendments equal protection clause applied to women equally. 1972: Equal Rights Amendment Passes Congress In 1972, the US Congress passed the Equal Rights Amendment, sending it to the states. The Congress appended a requirement that the amendment be ratified within seven years, later extended to 1982, but only 35 of the requisite states ratified it during that period. Some legal scholars challenge the deadline, and by that assessment, the ERA is still alive to be ratified by three more states. 1973: Frontiero v. Richardson In the case of  Frontiero v. Richardson, the Supreme Court found that the military could not have different criteria for male spouses of military members in deciding eligibility for benefits, violating the Fifth Amendments Due Process Clause. The court also signaled that it would be using more scrutiny in the future in looking at sex distinctions in the law- not quite strict scrutiny, which did not get majority support among the justices in the case. 1974: Geduldig v. Aiello Geduldig v. Aiello looked at a states disability insurance system which excluded temporary absences from work due to pregnancy disability and found that normal pregnancies did not have to be covered by the system. 1975: Stanton v. Stanton In this case, the Supreme Court threw out distinctions in the age at which girls and boys were entitled to child support. 1976: Planned Parenthood v. Danforth The Supreme Court found that spousal consent laws (in this case, in the third trimester) were unconstitutional because the pregnant womans rights were more compelling than her husbands. The Court did uphold that regulations requiring the womans full and informed consent were constitutional. 1976: Craig. v. Boren In  Craig v. Boren, the court threw out a law which treated men and women differently in setting a drinking age. The case is also noted for setting out the new standard of judicial review in cases involving sex discrimination, intermediate scrutiny. 1979: Orr v. Orr In Orr v. Orr, the Court held that alimony laws applied equally to women and men and that the means of the partner were to be considered, not merely their sex. 1981: Rostker v. Goldberg In this case, the Court applied equal protection analysis to examine whether male-only registration for the Selective Service violated the due process clause.  By a six to three decision, the Court applied the heightened scrutiny standard of  Craig v. Boren  to find that military readiness and appropriate use of resources justified the sex-based classifications. The court did not challenge the exclusion of women from combat and the role of women in the armed forces in making their decision. 1987: Rotary International v. Rotary Club of Duarte In this case, the Supreme Court weighed a  Ã¢â‚¬Å"States efforts to eliminate gender-based discrimination against its citizens and the constitutional freedom of association asserted by members of a private organization.† A unanimous decision by the court, with a decision written by Justice Brennan, found unanimously that the message of the organization would not be changed by admitting women, and therefore, by the strict scrutiny test, the interest of the state overrode a claim to a First Amendment right of freedom of association and freedom of speech.

Problems in calculating national income Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Problems in calculating national income - Essay Example One of the most common problems that countries, especially developing countries face in this process is lack of expertise, as the methodology involves need highly professional experts, economics, and analysts that may complete the process in an accurate manner while eliminating as much human errors as they can (Bosch, pp. 11-14, 1992). However, a huge number of countries are experiencing shortage of such qualified individuals. Besides, lack of technical equipments is also significant issue exists in this methodology, as many countries do not have access to advanced technologies required for the calculation. Thirdly, determination of depreciation is a complicated step in the process that creates problems for economists. One of the basic reasons behind this is the characteristic of depreciation being estimation rather than an accurate deduction that results in inaccurate figures of the national incomes (Dombusch, pp. 23-25, 2005). In addition, experts (Jain, pp. 52-57, 2008) have identified another problem that relates to decisions regarding inclusion and exclusion of certain products and services. In specific, economists face confrontations while deciding to consider government spending on social welfare, development expenses, interests against debts, etc that often results in wrong calculation of the national income. Moreover, experts (Wall, pp. 39-42, 2008) have noticed that globalization has resulted in existence of huge number of foreign organizations working in a country, and economists face difficulties while determining whether to include income of such companies in their national income or not. However, the IMF has played a vital role in suggesting that economists should include income, as well as production activities in the owning country while ignoring the profits that should go in the national income of the parent country. Furthermore, studies (Jain, pp. 39-41, 2008) related to the calculation of national income have shown that

Leveraging IT and a Business Network by a Small Medical Practice Essay

Leveraging IT and a Business Network by a Small Medical Practice - Essay Example The case is about Eastern Cardiology Services (further - ESC), which has been founded by Dr. Jeff Curtin with the aim of providing high-quality medical services on the private grounds in the sphere of cardiology. His aim was to create a small enterprise, which will combine the service delivery with the use of advanced computer technologies. The key issues, existing in the company at the very beginning of its operation were the following: 1. The firm had to achieve high level of quality, through the understanding, that often the quality if information delivered to the patient could become a matter of his life-or-death. The issue in this relation was that the small firm like ESC could not afford implementation IT in combination with medical services through trial and effort, as it was usual for large companies. 2. The second issue was related with the fact that the newly opened enterprise had to prove the accuracy of the records given to the patients. As far as the information had to be easily retrievable the newly developed IT had to be connected with the medical equipment for medical investigation - this was a serious matter to resolve. Among the issues, which the enterprise had to face and resolve, were the issues related to the necessity of aligning corporate management with IT use. Thus, it is seen that the main issue, though described here through several separate key problems, are certainly connected with the necessity to implement IT technologies into all spheres of the ESC activity - both directly and indirectly connected with the medical service delivery. These issues are the result of understanding that for SME to survive in the area of medical service delivery, something new and unique should be invented, to distinguish them from the large medical establishments, which mainly display a kind of 'line production' service delivery. One more important issue here was making each consumer feel unique and exclusive, and receive the best service through the IT which the enterprise uses. 4. For the development of the IT necessary to be used in the enterprise, it was important to find the research opportunities, which would satisfy financial demands of stakeholders and result in general improvement of the ESC operation. 5. The management of the enterprise had also to understand that as soon as the IT system was developed, it would have to be constantly improved, as in the process of its implementation and operation new limitations were going to be displayed and thus eliminated. The problem there was that this process needed constant financing, which had also to be agreed with stakeholders. 6. Finally, it was of course necessary proving the benefits of IT implementation to the stakeholders. Thus, in identifying the key problems of the enterprise at that time, it is clearly seen, that the principal strategy developed by ESC was aimed at implementing IT, as the key to its success in delivering medical services. Though the enterprise understood the necessity for such actions, but many factors were simply forgotten

Disadvantages In Regard To Leisure Choices Sociology Essay

Disadvantages In Regard To Leisure Choices Sociology Essay Taking a thorough assessment of the society we live in, it is evident that women are in many ways disadvantaged as regards leisure choice compared to men. Leisure is itself seen as a psychological experience of enjoyment and satisfaction which occurs within the framework of time or activity. Leisure includes things like watching television, participating in sports, meeting friends, engaging in hobbies and going to events (Doughty, 2010). It requires plenty of time and psychological fitness for one have the best of it. Women are the most disadvantaged due to various constraints they encounter in society. Womens access to free time and leisure opportunities are controlled by such factors as their work and domestic situation, their low income level together with age and ethnic group. These constraints may include structural factors such as family obligations, financial resources, weather factors and work time (Shaw 1994). In most societies, it is normally regarded as womens duty to take care of the family as well as looking after children. As far as these constraining factors have assisted in understanding leisure participation among women, further adjustments can be reached through specific examination of their sub-groups. This is because the constraints are different to the various categories of women basing on their ages. For instance, girls between the age of fifteen and below have limited access to leisure activities since they have restricted time to engage in recreational activities (Kiefer, 2004). They face such constraints as lack of knowledge, lack of accessibility to recreational facilities as influenced by their parents, lack of interest in various recreational facilities and lack of partners (Rehman et al., 2003). At this age, girls are still in school and do not have time to engage in those activities as tourism except during holidays where they can move around the world with their families, but for a very short period of time. Everything they do is influenced by their parents and it is usually difficult for them to decide for themselves. These girls may not necessarily be affected by those limitations such as the interpersonal and intrapersonal constraints since they are still young and have nothing to worry about. They engage in sporting activities in school as part of the co-curricular activities of any school which may not be regarded as leisure (Young people at Play, n.d.). Their weak physical situations discourage them from getting actively involved sports events. These girls are not affected by financial constraints since they are young and all their needs are met by their parents. However, their participation may depend on their cultural background, that is, race and ethnicity play an important role in determining a familys influence on childrens leisure. For example, those from the developing countries grow in hardship where there is hardly any money to take them to school. Therefore, they only resort in dropping out of school and engage in child labor to earn living for their parents and thus have no time for leisure or time to involve themselves in any recreational activities (Shaw 1994). In addition, girls from these developing countries such as in Africa and Asia do not have role models who can motivate them to engage in sporting activities such as football, athletics, volleyball etc. At the same time, their families cannot afford to take them around the world as tourists since they do not have enough money to cater for it. Those from Western countries are a bit different because their parents have the financial strength to finance their education and hav e role models in the society who encourage them to involve themselves in sports. Some are even motivated to engage in music activities, for example, in the US where some girls become superstars at very tender ages. All in all, these girls are more dependent on parental consent and support for recreational activities. On the other hand, young single ladies mostly of the age between 15 and 25 years have different experiences on leisure, sports and other recreational activities. At this age they can easily make mature independent decisions and they therefore face peculiar constraints as regards to their leisure involvement. Based on their perception of sporting activities, these women highly suffer from the limitations of low self-esteem and lack the belief that they may be talented or competent in any recreational activities (Goliath, 2002). Most of these women have just finished school and still looking for employment and therefore have high financial problems. This renders them unable to get involved in both leisure and recreational activities without the help of their parents. The constraints may also depend on the cultural background. Women from poverty stricken countries such as the developing countries experience those intrapersonal constraints such as stress, family attitudes and personal ev aluations of the appropriateness of an activity (Goliath, 2002). Since these women may not have acquired the appropriate education as a result of their background, they may end up engaging themselves in activities such as prostitution and other criminal activities. As a result, they have no time for leisure, sports and other recreational activities. Additionally, they do not have the financial ability to visit other countries as tourists. Various interpersonal constraints such as relationships with others and the ability to find partners as well as the influence of family obligations also affect their leisure involvement. As a result of the societal stress, these women do not have the time enjoy recreational activities with their peers. In addition, they lack role models in the society who may encourage them to engage in productive activities and they therefore end up living desperately. Though women are normally strong physically at this age, inadequate education and lack of awareness about the benefits of participating in sports has been the main reason they never involve themselves. As a result, physical education is often not admired among the females in school (Goliath 2002). Young women aged between 15 and 25 years from developed countries also experience intrapersonal and interpersonal constraints as regards their leisure involvement. These Western women have the constraints such as those of structural factors including financial resources and work time constraints. Those who have jobs do not have time for leisure and recreational activities and hardly get time to engage in sports. Those who do not have jobs have financial problems as well as low esteem and they do not have trust in themselves hence they cannot get involved in leisure activities. As far as sport is concerned, many governments have not taken the initiative to persuade women to participate. They have had less concern in terms providing sponsorship, coverage in media, awareness and the provision of opportunities for women in sport as compared to their male counterparts (Goliath, 2002). Some sports disciplines such as football is far widely considered to be for men yet some women have shown to be as equally talented in it. Furthermore, women with children have different limitations concerning their time for leisure. Some of the women in this category have limited time, money as well as limited access to leisure facilities. Most of these women are married and are mostly disadvantaged with regard to time for leisure. Women with children are normally held by household obligations and family commitments such as child care together with economic constraints (Borg Clark, n.d.). Due to male chauvinism in most societies, many women earn very little incomes which and this has proven to be constraining on their lives as well as on their leisure lives. Women who are employed are said to experience a double shift to their household obligations hence have no time for leisure participation as compared to their male counterparts (Martinson, Schwartz Vaughan, 2002). However, leisure, recreational activities, and sport have different implications depending on the cultural background of women. Those from poor backgrounds have limited access to leisure activities and are mostly unemployed since job opportunities are rare. Most of their time is spent taking care of children and farming so as to sustain their families. It is usually very hard for them to think about touring other countries or engage in any recreational activities due to financial constraints. They are highly constrained by societal stress and have very low esteem to even think of participating in any sporting activities and they not only have little time for themselves, but they also never feel that they have a right to leisure for themselves (Martinson, Schwartz Vaughan, 2002). Other women fear for violence especially in those leisure settings far from home. At times, they regard taking care of their families as their prime duty since most of their husbands are jobless and never ca re about them. Similarly, women with children from developed countries have little time for leisure and other recreational activities such as sports and tourism. Those who have jobs have are the ones said to have double shift, that is, have little time for leisure because they need to balance the time they spend with their family and that spend in work. These women spend much of their time either in job or at home. Most of them make use of computer-based technology for leisure designed to make them busy such as the internet and believe that time spent or even activities pursued with family are the most important (Kramarae Spender, 2000). In most cases, especially at times when they are free from work, most women wish to recreate around the world together with their families but their children prevent them. This is because children are usually cumbersome to travel with. Generally, women with children are usually unwilling to get involved in sporting activities. They only take part in body fitting exercises such as jogging in the mornings. Most of them think they cannot manage to participate in sports activities such as athletics, football etc. and regard nurturing their children as their key role in the society. They only watch their favorite soccer teams or even basketball teams on televisions during their free moments on weekends. The type of profession a woman is in may also act as a constraint to her leisure life. Nurses for example have the ethic of care in their minds all the time which is connected to the lack of a sense of right to leisure (Martinson, Schwartz Vaughan, 2002). Women who are single parents and do not high paying jobs mostly encounter financial constraints which is normally constraining to life in general and to their leisure lives as well. This is due to the fact that they have to cater for the basic needs of their children. By meeting food, shelter, clothing and educational expenses for the children, the amounts that remain may be too little to cater for recreational activities. Old women have various constraints to leisure participation as well. Their participation in various recreational activities is highly influenced by health related problems, poor performance quality and lack of companions (Leitner Leitner, 2004). In general, older people are said to suffer from health problems more than young people. Particular health problems limit participation in specific leisure activities (Women Sports and Fitness Foundation, n.d.). Older women with sight problems cannot freely engage in activities such as tourism, exercises and other recreational activities that include work. Research has shown that older women like to engage more in inactive recreation such as watching television, listening to radio and reading newspapers rather than participate in active forms of recreation (Leitner Leitner, 2004). This is due to the fear that they may get injuries resulting to their children putting them in nursing homes. Moreover, older women are seen to be economically di sadvantaged and also tend to have more household and family obligations which make them have less free time to take part in leisure activities. Most of them like stay at home and take care of their grandchildren. These actions of care giving reduce their leisure activities due to lack of time, tiredness, and other intrapersonal constraints such as stress (Leitner Leitner, 2004). Older women leisure involvement is also influenced by attitude (Henderson Bialeschki, 1990). These women only participate in those leisure activities which they consider as meaningful to them (Greer, 2006). Some leisure activities that are taken as being for fun but have no purpose are highly ridiculed by the elderly women. Most of these aged women view their old age negatively and have a feeling that they should not be involved in recreational and leisure activities because they think that people their age should not have leisure anymore (Leitner Leitner, 2004). At their old ages, they have lost taste for most of the recreational activities such as swimming and look upon them as for the young and strong people. As regards to sporting activities, aged women are incapable of participating actively and can only watch on televisions since most of them have health related problems. The level to which aged women are disadvantaged with respect to leisure involvement may also depend on their cultural background. Majority of women from developing countries spend most of their time taking care of their grandchildren and never have time to involve themselves in recreational activities (Leitner Leitner, 2004). Most of them remain within their homesteads all day and have never visited a foreign country and even never think of activities like tourism. They do not even think of having leisure as their right and are most of the times stressed as a result of their children dropping out of school, lack of food due to drought etc. Most of the developing countries are faced with the problem of diseases and therefore a big number of the aged women have health complications hence they can hardly participate in any leisure or sports activities (Leitner Leitner, 2004). Older women from developed countries are quite different from their counterparts on how they perceive these recreational activities. As for them, they may like to tour other countries but factors such as health related problems, family commitments, among others hold them back (Leitner Leitner, 2004). This is because they are unable get involved in those recreational events like mountain-climbing, skiing and skating. They have leisure by watching televisions and reading magazines unlike those from developing countries who are mostly too illiterate to read newspapers and have little access or interest in television. Their lack of leisure involvement is mainly affected by attitude. This is shown by the fact that they ignore some recreational activities that do not add value to their lives at those old ages. Most of them like sports events though their weak health may not be in a position to withstand them. Consequently, they follow these events on televisions or go to the venues where sports activities are held accompanied by other family members such as their grandchildren. Though some women are good in sports, they never get the recognition they deserve (Stavropoulou, 2008). Some sports such as rugby and football are regarded as mens and women who shine in them get very little or no attention at all (Goliath, 2002). Governments can increase women participation in sports by encouraging wider media representation and giving rewards to the best personalities in the various sport categories. By doing so, young women will be encouraged to participate in sports regardless of their cultural backgrounds and earn money for themselves which may in turn increase their leisure participation. In conclusion, it is evident that women are the most disadvantaged when it comes to leisure participation as compared to men. It has been seen that their lack of sports involvement is as a result of poor attention by most governments and the notion that most sports disciplines are better suited for men. However, it is clear that their access to recreational facilities is mainly influenced by factors such as time availability, household and family obligations, financial stability and cultural background. Women have also been found to be constrained differently depending on their ages.

When Religion Hurts :: Suicide Death Medical Essays

When Religion Hurts "The question is do I have a God complex? †¦I have a MD from Harvard. I am board certified in cardio-thoracic medicine and trauma surgery. I have been awarded citations from 7 different medical boards in New England and I am never, ever sick at sea. So I ask you, when someone goes into that chapel and they fall on their knees and they pray to God that their wife doesn’t miscarriage, or that their daughter doesn’t bleed to death or that their mother doesn’t suffer acute neuro-trauma from post-operative shock, who do you think they are praying to? Now you go ahead and read your bible Dennis. And you go to your church and with any luck you might win the annual raffle, but if you are looking for God, he was in operating room number 2 on November 17th and he doesn’t like to be second-guessed. You ask me if I have a God complex, let me tell you something, I am God." (Becker, 1993) This quote was taken from the movie Malice. A doctor removed an ovary that he thought was necrotic and the lab result came back that it wasn’t. Unfortunately he removed the other one prior due to having a cyst on it. He was sued for malpractice and during his questioning he was asked if he had a God complex. A God complex is when a doctor believes that he has the power to save a person’s life when God might intend that person to die. The doctor then plays God by trying to undermine the plan that God has created for the patient. Many battles are fought in our society today over who actually controls our destiny. Although euthanasia is not a new concept, it is receiving more attention today. The main advisory for euthanasia is the same one as it was from the start of euthanasia. This advisory is our religious belief. Religion is said to be the key to our salvation, but it also puts blinders on our ethical values. Although religion gives us hope for a better life after death, it is this same belief that prolongs our suffering while still in this p lane of existence. Euthanasia is defined as "The act or practice of killing or permitting the death of hopelessly sick or injured individuals (as persons or domestic animals) in a relatively painless way for reasons of mercy.

Adapting Community Interventions for Different Cultures and Communities Essay

The Mexican Americans had their own unique identity. They had their own style in each decade starting from the 1940s– including the Zoot Suit Riots, to the Chicano Movement, then to the 2000s –which is known as the LA punk looks. During the 1940’s, young Mexican Americans wanted to fight for their justice against the United States servicemen. They started a group and began to wear clothing that was out of the ordinary. They wore baggy dress pants and big drape jackets, including a hat. Because of their clothing, people called them the Zoot Suits but they referred themselves as Pachucos and Pachuca. According to the article â€Å"6 Decades of Mexican and Mexican- American Style Evolution† (Agrawal), there are 6 different decades of the Mexican- American style that include: the 1940s– the Pachuco look, the 1950s– the start of the Civil Rights Movement, where Rock music combined with fashion and included curled hair and polka-dot dresses for the women, the 1960s, the Chicano Movement and the Chicano Activists movement, the 1980s– which was shaped due to hip- hip and was known to be the Chola look, then the 1900s– which starred Selena, the Queen of Tejano music who became known due to her iconic style and became a well known music idol, and lastly, the 2000s. The 2000s allowed women to express their strength and solidarity through the LA punk style by keeping a simple makeup look. Although Mexican- Americans used their art through music, Chinese Americans believed in respecting their art through appropriation . Another significant time in US history was the Chinese Exclusion Act that included Chinese Immigrants. According to the article, â€Å"The Chinese Exclusion Acts: A Racist Chapter in U.S. Civil Rights History† (Chin), The Act that started in the year of 1882 prohibited: immigration on Chinese laborers, denying naturalization, and enforced Chinese laborers who are already legal in the United States and later want to re-enter and receive a certificate to return. The Chinese Immigrants worked as servants, fishermen, farmers, etc. They also worked on railroads and miners. Due to the Chinese Exclusion Act, it has turned the table around and changed history for Chinese immigrants and they were treated differently. They were treated differently because they were â€Å"different† from others by their looks and the way they dressed. Non- Chinese people would sometime be jealous of what Chinese Americans accomplished. Sticking to their cultures and backgrounds, the Chinese men wo uld usually have their hair long and in a ponytail, their clothing would consist of cultural robes, which is known as a Cheongsam. Cheongsam is worn as Chinese cultural appropriation for respect. Usually Chinese friends and family have to give the approval if you are allowed to wear a Cheongsam. Until today’s world, many people still stereotype not only Chinese people but Asian Americans in general due to what they wore back then because of their culture. Despite the appropriation, the Chinese Americans believed in, African Americans took a stand and did for what they believed in to achieve justice as well as the Mexican Americans. Going back into the 1900s, African Americans then segregated into urban housing. As they began to take over a community in New York City and begin with the Harlem Renaissance, which was located in northern Manhattan. During the Harlem Renaissance, several groups and organizations appealed to improvements economically and educationally. According to the article â€Å"The Harlem Renaissance a Cultural Rebirth† (Hall), after black soldiers engaged in World War I, they wished for a better America for themselves. This time period included African Americans making a great remark within their culture. Due to their remark, they also created a climatic change within their fashion statement. This fashion statement included: the Flappers, a masculine look for women, and day and night dresses. Flappers is another word for dancers because of the dresses they wore that made it easier for them to dance in. During this era, women decided to stand out and portray the masculine look. Women woul d want to wear men’s clothing and began to smoke, drink and drive, etc. Because of this movement, they created several movies until today’s world portraying â€Å"the Harlem Renaissance†. Some movies include Harlem Nights, Brother to Brother, Murder in Harlem, and the recent popular one that features similar actions of the Harlem Renaissance would be The Great Gatsby that features Leonardo DiCaprio. Although during the Harlem Renaissance was more of a fashion statement by making a remark, the Native Americans were quite different in terms of making their own fashion. During the time of the Wounded Knee Massacre, there were about 300 Native American deaths. There was a battle between the Native Americans and the United States soldiers in the Wounded Knee Creek in South Dakota. During this time Native Americans took belief in their Ghost Dance. The Ghost Dance was a religious dance to bring back their original world and to protect themselves. During this time Native Americans would have to hunt for animals to use their skin to make clothing and to stay warm. Hunting and gathering was a way for them to survive. In today’s society, American Indian culture has changed. As of now we usually see depictions of the American Indian culture in social media. Such as music videos, movies, or television shows that portray the American Indian culture. It has changed compared to back then. Their culture contains making art, clothing, jewelry, dance, and fashion. To the Native American culture, they typically don’t have a certain clothing they wear for appropriation. According to the article â€Å"Native by Design† (Montgomery), they believe that appropriation does not matter and what matters is representing where they came from and showing off their beliefs as much as possible. Urban Outfitters –the popular clothing company– brings off the Navajo vibe in every store. This includes the designs in the store, several pieces of their clothing, and the setting of the store. This represents that even though Native Americans had one culture back then, it doesn’t mean it has changed drastically. Throughout time, culture, beliefs, and traditions, we soon come to realize the true beauty behind it all. We realize the true beauty of different ethnic groups, especially of our own culture and beliefs. Yes, it will all change over a certain span, but it all depends on what we want to believe in and what we want to keep believing in. Till today’s society, the beliefs we used to believe in will become more and more modern as time goes by and it will evolve quickly before we know it. Stereotypes will change, beliefs will change, etc. It is best to understand the true beauty of one’s culture. Despite all the stereotypes and the modern technology, we should take in consideration of our own culture and admire what we have. Fashion will change each and every year but we just have to make the most of it and express ourselves through art. Like these four different Ethnic groups: Mexican Americans, Chinese Immigrants, African Americans, and Native Americans; they all believed i n different cultures and beliefs but each group used their own unique way to express what is theirs.

Indian Red Scorpion Facts (Hottentotta tamulus)

The Indian red scorpion (Hottentotta tamulus) or eastern Indian scorpion is considered to be the most lethal scorpion in the world. Despite its common name, the scorpion isnt necessarily red. It can range in color from reddish brown to orange or brown. The Indian red scorpion doesnt hunt people, but it will sting to defend itself. Children are most likely to die from stings because of their small size. Fast Facts: Indian Red Scorpion Scientific Name: Hottentotta tamulusCommon Names: Indian red scorpion, eastern Indian scorpionBasic Animal Group: InvertebrateSize: 2.0-3.5 inchesLifespan: 3-5 years (captivity)Diet: CarnivoreHabitat: India, Pakistan, Nepal, Sri LankaPopulation: AbundantConservation Status: Not evaluated Description The Indian red scorpion is a fairly small scorpion, ranging from 2 to 3-1/2 inches in length. It ranges in color from bright reddish orange to dull brown. The species has distinctive dark gray ridges and granulation. It has relatively small pincers, a thickened tail (telson) and a large stinger. As with spiders, male scorpion pedipalps appear somewhat inflated compared to those of females. Like other scorpions, the Indian red scorpion is fluorescent under black light. Several color morphs of Indian red scorpions exist. Sagar khunte /  Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license Habitat and Distribution The species is found in India, eastern Pakistan, and eastern Nepal. Recently, it has been seen (rarely) in Sri Lanka. Although little is known about the Indian red scorpions ecology, it appears to prefer humid tropical and subtropical habitats. It often lives near or in human settlements. Diet and Behavior The Indian red scorpion is a carnivore. It is a nocturnal ambush predator that detects prey by vibration and subdues it using its chelae (claws) and stinger. It feeds on cockroaches and other invertebrates and sometimes small vertebrates, such as lizards and rodents. Reproduction and Offspring In general, scorpions reach sexual maturity between 1 and 3 years of age. While some species can reproduce asexually via parthenogenesis, the Indian red scorpion only reproduces sexually. Mating occurs following a complex courtship ritual in which the male grasps the females pedipalps and dances with her until he finds a suitable flat area to deposit his spermatophore. He guides the female over the spermatophore and she accepts it into her genital opening. While scorpion females tend not to eat their mates, sexual cannibalism is not unknown, so males quickly depart following mating. Females give birth to live young, which are called scorplings. The young resemble their parents except they are white and unable to sting. They stay with their mother, riding on her back, at least until after their first molt. In captivity, Indian red scorpions live 3 to 5 years. The female Indian red scorpion carries her young on her back. Akash M. Deshmukh /  Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license Conservation Status The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) has not evaluated the conservation status of the Indian red scorpion. The scorpion is abundant within its range (except for Sri Lanka). However, there are high bounties on collection of wild specimens for scientific research, plus they may be captured for the pet trade. The population trend of the species is unknown. Indian Red Scorpions and Humans Despite their potent venom, Indian red scorpions are kept as pets. They are also kept and bred in captivity for medical research. Scorpion toxins include potassium channel-blocking peptides, which may have use as immunosuppressants for autoimmune disorders (e.g., multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis). Some toxins may have application in dermatology, cancer treatment, and as antimalarial drugs. Indian red scorpion stings are not uncommon in India and Nepal. While the scorpions are not aggressive, they will sting when stepped on or otherwise threatened. Reported clinical fatality rates range from 8 to 40%. Children are the most common victims. Symptoms of envenomation include severe pain at the site of the sting, vomiting, sweating, breathlessness, and alternating high and low blood pressure and heart rate. The venom targets the pulmonary and cardiovascular system and can cause death from pulmonary edema. While antivenom has little effectiveness, administration of the blood pressure medication prazosin can reduce the mortality rate to less than 4%. Some persons suffer severe allergic reactions to the venom and antivenom, including anaphylaxis. Sources Bawaskar, H.S. and P.H. Bawaskar. Indian red scorpion envenoming. Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 65 (3): 383–391, 1998. doi:10.1016/0041-0101(95)00005-7Ismail, M. and P. H. Bawaskar. The scorpion envenoming syndrome. Toxicon. 33 (7): 825–858, 1995. PMID:8588209Kovařà ­k, F. A revision of the genus Hottentotta Birula, 1908, with descriptions of four new species. Euscorpius. 58: 1–105, 2007.Nagaraj, S.K.; Dattatreya, P.; Boramuth, T.N. Indian scorpions collected in Karnataka: maintenance in captivity, venom extraction and toxicity studies. J. Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis. 2015; 21: 51. doi:10.1186/s40409-015-0053-4Polis, Gary A. The Biology of Scorpions. Stanford University Press, 1990. ISBN 978-0-8047-1249-1.